Deploying Sahana For The Merapi Eruption

From UrRemote.com

Deploying Sahana For The Merapi Eruption Project

Try out our Sahana deployment for yourself.

Aim

This project aims to provide information for deploying Sahana software for Mount Merapi Eruption. It is sponsored by the Communications Technologies Board of the ACS.

Background

ACS Communications Technologies Board

The ACS[1] is an association for Information & Communications Technology (ICT) professionals. The Communications Technologies Board[2]of the ACS deals with all aspects of communications technology, including Internet and mobile phones. The board provides representatives to international telecommunications committees. As part of its commitment to the wider community to ensure the beneficial use of ICT, the ACS is sponsoring this work on the use of the Internet for disaster management. Work is also being undertaken for a bird flu pandemic[3].

The report was completed just as the Yogyakarta earthquake occurred. The ACS therefore sponsored further work for the system to be deployed for earthquake relief [4].

SAHANA

Sahana means "Relief" in Sinhalese. http://www.sahana.lk/

As the name itself implies, Sahana is a free and open source Disaster Management System. It mainly facilitates management of

• Missing Person Registry

Helping to reduce trauma by effectively finding missing persons

• Organization Registry

Coordinating and balancing the distribution of relief organizations in the affected areas and connecting relief groups allowing them to operate as one

• Request Management System

Registering and Tracking all incoming requests for support and relief upto fullfilment and helping donors connect to relief requirements

• Camp Registry

Tracking the location and numbers of victims in the various camps and temporary shelters setup all around the affected area

Deployments of Sahana Software

1. Deployed officially in Sri Lanka for Asian Tsunami, 2005 (CNO)
2. Deployed officially in Pakistan for Asian Quake, 2005 (NADRA)
3. Deployed officially in Philippines for Mudslide Disaster, 2006
4. Being deployed in Sri Lanka's largest NGO, Sarvodaya's Disaster unit, 2006

Taken from http://www.sahana.lk/node/33
Legend:
       - Reported Disaster | - Sahana Enabled EOC
       - Sahana Deployed  | - Potential Deployment

YOGYAKARTA

Yogyakarta (also Jogjakarta in pre-1972 spelling or Jogja) is a city and province on the island of Java, Indonesia. It is the only province in Indonesia that is still formally governed by a precolonial Sultanate, the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat. The city is known as a center of classical Javanese fine art and culture such as batik, ballet, drama, music, poetry and puppet shows. It is also famous as a center for Indonesian higher education. The official name of the Yogyakarta province is Special Region of Yogyakarta (Indonesian: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, or DIY). The city of Yogyakarta is the capital of the province. Taken from en.wikipedia.org Yogyakarta Wikipedia

Map of Yogyakarta

Type "merapi" or "mount merapi" find location of Mount Merapi near Yogyakarta

MOUNT MERAPI

Mount Merapi is a conical volcano in Central Java, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted 68 times since 1548. Its name means Mountain of Fire. It is very close to the city of Yogyakarta, and thousands of people live on the flanks of the volcano, with villages as high as 1700 m above sea level.

Several of its eruptions have caused fatalities. It was erupting from 1992 to 2002, and a particularly large explosion killed 43 people in 1994. It began erupting again in 2006, and scientists believe a large eruption is imminent. In light of the hazards it poses to populated areas, it has been designated a Decade Volcano.

1992 eruption

1992 saw an eruption begin at Mount Merapi which continued for the next ten years. During this time, a lava dome was extruded, growing by up to half a metre per day. In 1994, the dome reached the edge of the crater, and from then on, rockfall from the dome produced frequent pyroclastic flows. In late 1994 almost the entire dome collapsed, generating very large pyroclastic flows, which travelled several kilometres from the summit and killed 43 people.

Following the large eruption of November 1994, a new dome formed in the crater, and small explosive eruptions continued for several years, generating scores of lava avalanches and pyroclastic flows every day. Eruptions ended in late 2002.

2006 eruption

In April 2006, increased seismicity at more regular intervals and a detected bulge in the volcano's cone indicated that fresh eruptions were imminent. Authorities put the volcano's neighboring villages on high alert and local residents prepared for a likely evacuation. On April 19th smoke from the crater reached a height of 400 metres, compared to 75 metres the previous day. On April 23rd, after nine surface tremors and some 156 multifaced quakes signalled movements of magma, some 600 elderly and infant residents of the slopes were evacuated, their places partly taken by tourists drawn to the area.

By early May, active lava flows had begun. On May 11th, with lava flow beginning to be constant, some 17,000 people were ordered to be evacuated from the area and on May 13th, Indonesian authorities raised the alert status to the highest level, red, ordering the immediate evacuation of all residents on the mountain. Eruptions at the volcano are increasing in intensity, and some reports indicate that large explosions have begun. Should pyroclastic flows occur, nearby villages will be at very high risk, but many villagers have defied the dangers posed by the volcano and returned to their villages, saying that they needed to tend their live-stock and crops. Police are currently reporting 109 dead and 1,112 missing, including 100 orphans.

Monitoring

Merapi is the site of a very active volcano monitoring program. Seismic monitoring began in 1924, and the eruption of 1930 was found to have been preceded by a large earthquake swarm. There is currently a network of 8 seismographs around the mountain, allowing volcanologists to accurately pinpoint the hypocentres of tremors and quakes. A zone in which no quakes originate is found about 1.5 km below the summit, and is thought to be the location of the magma reservoir which feeds the eruptions.

Other measurements taken on the volcano include magnetic measurements and tilt measurements. Small changes in the local magnetic field have been found to coincide with eruptions, and tilt measurements reveal the inflation of the volcano caused when the magma chamber beneath it is filling up.

Lahars (a type of mudflow of pyroclastic material and water) are an important hazard on the mountain, and are caused by rain remobilizing pyroclastic flow deposits. Lahars can be detected seismically, as they cause a high-frequency seismic signal. Observations have found that about 50 mm of rain per hour is the threshold above which lahars are often generated. Taken from en.wikipedia.org

Refugee Movement

Refugee camp in Cangkringan region, at Umbulharjo village, reported that there is a number of increase of refugee from 518 to 664 citizen. At Glagaharjo village is increasing from 579 to 619 citizen and at the Kepuharjo village is increasing from 507 to 546 citizen.

Meanwhile, refugee camp at Pakem region at Hargobinagun village is increasing from 2.225 to 2.351 citizen. No reported increasing refugee in Wonokerto village, Girikerto village in Turi region and Purwobinangun village at Pakem region. Total refugee in Wonokerto are 539 citizen, Girikerto 452 citizen and Purwobinangun 273 citizen.

Headchief of Hargobinangun village at the Pakem region, Sleman, Kushartadi said that, a number of local inhibitant is not evacuating for security reason. They guarding the property of other citizen especially in Kaliurang and Hargobinangun village.

Meanwhile, Mount Merapi and the surrounding area (3,5 to 4 KM radius) is stricly prohibited for entry from outsider.
Taken from www.suaramerdeka.com

Major Volcanoes of Indonesia

Volcanoes pose a significant threat to many communities in the world, particularly in developing countries. Indonesia, for instance, leads the world in the number of historically active volcanoes. Of the nearly 240,000 recorded deaths caused by volcanic eruptions between 1600 and 1982, 67% occurred in Indonesia alone. An estimated 10% of Indonesia's population of over 200 million people live in close proximity to hazardous volcanoes. In total, the country is home to 129 historically active volcanoes, of which 60 are regularly monitored by the Volcanological Survey of Indonesia (VSI), the government department overseeing all volcano monitoring in Indonesia. Picture below shows the major volcanoes of Indonesia with recorded eruptions since the year 1900.

One type of precursor to volcanic eruptions is the geodetic measurement of horizontal and vertical deformations of be volcano. The pattern and rate of surface movement can reveal the depth and rate of pressure increase within the underlying magma reservoir. The data obtained can contribute to volcanic hazard mitigation by providing timely ground deformation information to volcanologists.

The GPS technology has been recognised as an ideal tool for volcano deformation monitoring. It is particularly suited to monitor deformation on a continuous rather than periodic basis, thus giving more detailed information about the dynamics of the volcanic edifice. A permanent GPS network can be deployed in an inhospitable environment, utilising sophisticated telemetry equipment, to obtain continuous deformation measurements for online processing. However, for countries such as Indonesia, a low-cost approach is preferred. While the limited funds available in less developed countries restrict the number of GPS receivers that can be deployed, a large number of receivers is necessary in order to adequately monitor the volcano, hi addition, the danger of losing part or all of the equipment during an eruption needs to be considered. A low-cost GPS-based volcano deformation monitoring system has been developed by the Satellite Navigation and Positioning (SNAP) group at The University of New South Wales (UNSW) in collaboration with the Department of Geodetic Engineering at the Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB) and the VSI.

However, all of Indonesia's volcanoes, and a large number of the world's volcanoes, are located in the equatorial region, an area where ionospheric disturbances have a significant impact on GPS measurements, effectively degrading the accuracy of baseline results. These effects are of concern particularly in times of maximum solar cycle activity, as experienced during the period this research has been conducted. Hence, the low-cost network of single-frequency GPS receivers on the volcano needs to be augmented by an outer framework of more sparsely distributed dual-frequency receivers. The dual-frequency receivers are used to mitigate residual biases so that this mixed-mode array system may deliver the sub-centimetre accuracies required for volcano defonnation monitoring.
Taken from www.library.unsw.edu.au - Volcanoes and their Hazards

Five facts on Indonesia's Merapi volcano

Indonesia's Merapi volcano has been spewing thick smoke for more than a week and volcanologists say it may erupt soon.

Following are five facts about the volcano:

• Gunung Merapi, or Fiery Mountain, located in central Java overlooking the ancient royal city of Yogyakarta, is the most active volcano in Indonesia.

• Merapi has been witnessing small eruptions every two or three years, bigger ones every 10-15 years, and very large ones every 50-60 years.

• The biggest eruptions occurred in 1006, 1786, 1822, 1872 and 1930. The eruption of 1006 was so bad a Hindu kingdom was apparently destroyed while in 1930 more than 1,300 people were killed. The 1994 eruption claimed more than 60 lives.

• The 3,000-metre (9,800-ft) volcano is considered sacred by local people who believe a supernatural kingdom exists atop Merapi. Every year a priest climbs to the top to make an offering.

• Indonesia has the world's highest density of volcanoes and is located in the so-called 'Ring of Fire', a vast zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions looping around the Pacific Ocean and including Japan. Of these, 128 are active and 65 listed as dangerous
  Taken from www.alertnet.org

Animated guide: Volcanoes

How and Why Volcano Erupt

Taken from news.bbc.co.uk

Experiences from people live near Yogyakarta

I am working in Solo with an International NGO and we are now making preparations for evacuation in case of a big eruption. My main concern is the ash that could fall in a large area around Merapi. I have three young children here with me and the ash is known to cause more problems for children, than adults. We are taking what precautions we can and stocking up on food and drinking water, in case we get caught and have to stay indoors for several days. I am sure we are far enough away to be affected too badly but if it does blow we will try to travel to a farther away city, like Surabaya.
Jack O'Kane, Solo, Indonesia

I have been living in Yogyakarta for 4 years now and am located near Gadjah Mada University (around 40Km from Merapi - if I'm not mistaken). Merapi is just like a friend to people living in Yogyakarta, especially to us, university students who are fond of hiking and climbing.

10 days ago I went to the Cangkringan Resort which is very close to the Merapi top, but the situation that time was different from what it is like now. Some villagers and the staff at the Cangkringan felt disappointed and complained about the media which seemed to exaggerate the news on Merapi that caused the decreasing in tourist visits. Well, I couldn't disagree with them that time. The situation seemed fine and not as bad as what it reported on TV or newspapers.

But now, the situation is really different from 10 days ago. I do believe in what the news and government have reported. Besides, since 3 days ago I have watched some volcanic ash spew from Merapi top and it's clearly seen from my place in the mornings. The lava can also be seen at nights. About 1 hour ago I was watching the glowing lava ooze down its side...

I do hope the villagers who live close to Merapi are willing to be evacuated and not think of their possessions this time.

If the eruption will be huge, the Yogyakarta city may be covered by big black ash. Hope no one will be a victim and no one takes advantage of this Merapi situation (such as pretending to ask for donation to help the needy people living near Merapi).
Dewi, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

I climbed Merapi in 1994 a month before the previous eruption which killed a number of local inhabitants. Standing at the peak of Merapi and looking out over Central Java is an awe inspiring occasion and it is not hard to believe the respect and affection that local inhabitants, who live and work on the mountains slopes, have for this volcano. Many cultivate crops quite close to the cone section, and it is not hard to understand their reluctance to leave their homes.
Terry Gray, Balikpapan, Indonesia

I have just arrived in Jogjakarta, flying in we had an amazing view of Merapi, with a large plume of smoke billowing from it, it was an amazing sight! I'll be looking out for the lava flow tonight.
John Reynolds, London, UK

I visited mount Merapi several times before the eruption, I have the impression that the future serious suffering of the people in the surrounding will be due to the lowering of the subsoil water table, particularly for the people who live from agriculture. During my visits to the area I noted that a large number of water springs are drying! I use to visits motivates local members who are interested with the effort of conserving the remaining forest on the slope of Merapi from Turen, Cangkringan to Klawung forestrial area, in the Yogyakarta Sleman district.
Boedhihartono, Depok UI-campus, Jakarta

I was born in a village about 10 km east from Merapi. Now I live in Cilegon, near the volcano of Krakatau in Banten. I have climbed Merapi twice. The villagers around Mount Merapi have a strong believe in whatever the keeper of Merapi Mr. Marijan says. He is the one, who can see the condition of the volcano from the mystical side. If Mr. Marijan does not leave the mountain, the villagers won't leave either. Most of them are not well educated and believe in superstitions.
Rochedi Zuwono, Indonesia

I have friends in Indonesia and I know that the evacuation is not good. I've seen migration from homeland to kenya and faced many problem. Human life is much more important than the life stock because life stock is replaceable but human life is not replaceable. On the other hand the soil will become much more fertile after the eruption. This is why volcano eruptions are important.
Geele Farah, Kenya

Mt Merapi certainly seems to exhibit clear signs of an imminent eruption. The scale of the potential disaster depends on the location of the local communities. They thrive within these areas because of the fertile soil secured by regular eruptions. However it is the increased density of the population that draws more concern for the potential hazard. It is not surprising that many farmers are reluctant to leave their land given that there is no compensatory package provided by the government. The risk to human lifes is becoming ever greater, and the socioeconomic infrastructure is under serious threat. The power of nature cannot be undermined, that is always the case in areas prone to geophysical hazards.....You've got to learn to live with the hazard, but the disaster can be significantly reduced by appropriate preparedness - something the Indonesians seem to have achieved, at least in part.
Chris Brodie, Denny

I was born and lived for 7 years in the District of Magelang, where half of Gunung Merapi is located. I still remember every time I went back from school, I faced Merapi. Every time I heard that Merapi is going to explode, I often heard the terrible news from people, and also heard the myths connected with it. Can't imagine the condition now. I also visited Merapi, but I did not climb, and remember there were a lot of houses. I often wondered what will happen to them.
William Tanoto, UK

I visited Merapi in 1994. What concerned me most was that the city of Jogjakarta has a population of over 10 million people. If Merapi was to erupt on a massive scale this could be one of the worlds greatest humanitarian disasters.
Tim Butler, UK

I have friends in Indonesia and wish everyone is more willing to leave since the eruption is very dangerous and death is imminent. don't worry about life stock because they are replaceable but your life can't. The soil in the farmland will become much more fertile after the eruption.
Sherwin Lo, Marietta, USA

I live 35 km to the east of mount Merapi. Luckily for me, the eruption never affect areas in the east of Merapi but only to the north and northwest. After the eruption, the sky will be very dark and it will rain of ash and dirt for about two hours. When I was a kid, the eruption didn't affect us directly but the whole town was covered by thick-gray-ash and we spent hours to sweep it off our roof and garden. Yesterday I heard that some poor farmers wanted the government to buy their cattle and livestock because it is the only possession they have. It's an old old story, EVERY TIME Merapi erupts, there are ALWAYS dead victims. Usually it's the ones who decided to stay in the Merapi's vicinity.
Winarto, Solo, Indonesia

I am a Canadian who used to live in Yogyakarta 20 years ago. I fell in love with the people, the land and climbed Merapi. It was common to leave at dusk in order to watch the sunrise from the peak of Merapi. I stay in touch with my friends there who are nervous - remember this if from the land of Krakatoa and one only needs to think of Pompeii to realise what could happen.
Spencer Campbell, Canada
Taken from news.bbc.co.uk

Desription of the telecommunications and mobile phone environment

Telecomunication in Indonesia is held by goverment companies called TELKOM (www.telkom.co.id) TELKOM is established in 1882 in the time of Netherland colonization. Now TELKOM provide offer in telecommnication including Internet and cellular.
In Indonesia there are 4 major player in GSM telecommunication, they are: Telkomsel, Indosat, Excelcomindo (XL) and Natrindo. For CMDA provider there are 3 Provider, they are : TELKOM, Mobile-8, and Esia.

Price comparison between sellular provider in Indonesia

In one provider (for every minute)

CDMA Flexy Classy -Postpaid- (TELKOM)	CDMA Flexy Trendy -Prepaid- (TELKOM)	GSM AS -Prepaid- (TELKOMSEL)	GSM Jempol -Prepaid- (EXCELCOMINDO)
Rp.49 - (0.0056 Aus $)	Rp.49 - (0.0056 Aus $)	Rp.1300 - (0.149 Aus $)	Rp.1000 - (0.115 Aus $)

To public PSTN (for every minute)

CDMA Flexy Classy -Postpaid- (TELKOM)	CDMA Flexy Trendy -Prepaid- (TELKOM)	GSM AS -Prepaid- (TELKOMSEL)	GSM Jempol -Prepaid- (EXCELCOMINDO)
Rp.49 - (0.0056 Aus $)	Rp.49 - (0.0056 Aus $)	Rp.1000 - (0.115 Aus $)	Rp.1000 - (0.115 Aus $)

To other GSM Provider (for every minute)

CDMA Flexy Classy -Postpaid- (TELKOM)	CDMA Flexy Trendy -Prepaid- (TELKOM)	GSM AS -Prepaid- (TELKOMSEL)	GSM Jempol -Prepaid- (EXCELCOMINDO)
Rp.450 - (0.051 Aus $)	Rp.650 - (0.074 Aus $)	Rp.1800 - (0.206 Aus $)	Rp.1600 - (0.183 Aus $)

Internet using GPRS (for every KB)

CDMA Flexy Classy -Postpaid- (TELKOM)	CDMA Flexy Trendy -Prepaid- (TELKOM)	GSM AS -Prepaid- (TELKOMSEL)	GSM Jempol -Prepaid- (EXCELCOMINDO)
Rp.5 - (0.0005 Aus $)	Rp.5 - (0.0005 Aus $)	Rp.20 - (0.0022 Aus $)	Rp.25 - (0.0028 Aus $)

Equipment available for borrowing and purchase in Indonesia

Yogyakarta is a town which is famous for its Education and Technology Development. Equipments such as computer components are quite cheap and easy to find. Software is also easy to buy at local computer shops. Telecommunication device like mobile phones are easy to find and the coverage of GSM signal is 99% around Yogyakarta. Other devices like USB, RS-232, Infra Red, and Bluetooth devices are also available and sold separately if we need connectivity to the PC. Handheld PCs (PDAs) or Notebooks are also available in Yogyakarta. Mount Merapi is located around 40 kms from the capital of Yogyakarta. Deployment of Sahana in the outer region of Yogyakarta is also possible because the Internet line reaches almost all regions of Yogyakarta with good transfer data rate.

Suitability of the Sahana system for Indonesia and the Merapi eruption

Sahana FOSS disaster management system is a web based software that manage all the activity of the disaster management.

CAMPS REGISTRY Function

This sub application of Sahana keeps track of the location of all the camps in the region and the some basic data on the facilities they might have and the number of people in them. It also provides a GIS view to plot the location of the camps in the affected area. Current features include:

• Tracking of basic meta-data on the location, facilities and size of the camp
• Integration of google maps to provide a GIS view of the affected region
• Ability to customize the list of important facilities needed at a camp
• Basic reports on the camps and drill-down by region

Data Items in Detail

 Home

This required for fast navigation to most populated camps and newest camps. This feature will make user easier to monitoring refugee camp's population.

 Search

This feature required for searching all registered camps in the database. Disadvantage of this feature is not all camp's appearance appear in the search box, for example user can't search a camp by its address.

 Add Camp

This feature required to add new camp. There are some fields required that is:

• First Wizzard (Camp Appearance)

Camp Name required for uniqe name,
Camp Type required for specify the camp type,
Address, Country, Province, District, Village, required for specify where the specified camp deployed,
Contact Person Name, Contact Person Phone Number, required for get contact to person that handled the refugee camp
Familly Count, Total Count, Men, Women, Children required to know the capacity of refugee camp.

• Second Wizzard (Camp Position On the Map)

Plot Location On The Map, required to know where the refugee camp exacly placed in the real map.

• Third Wizzard (Medical / Service Facilities)

Medical Facilities,
Sanitation Facilities,
Water Facilities,
Other Facilities.
All fields required to know the facilities available in the refugee camp.

Disadvantages of this feature is error report placed in the last wizzard, and no way to step back. User must start from first wizzard if there is some input mistaken.

 Reports

This feature has three sub menus that is View All Camp, View By Location, Location Map required to find all camp by location or by map. Disadvandtaged of these sub menus is no sort task available.

 EditCamp

This feature requried to change camp's appearance. Search required for searching a refugee camp. Disadvantage of this feature is not all camp's appearance appear in the search box, for example user can't search a camp by its address.

ORGANIZATION REGISTRY Function

The Organization Registry keeps track of all the relief organizations and civil society groups working in the disaster region. It captures not only the places where they are active, but also captures information on the range of services they are providing in each area. Features Include:

• Capturing a comprehensive list of meta data on an relief organization and all the activities they have in the region
• Registering ad-hoc volunteers willing to contribute
• Capturing the essential services each group is providing and where
• Reporting on the converge of services and support in the region and more
• importantly where there are no aid services being provided

There are two main menu for the navigation
Organization, that has five sub menu :

• Search Organization
• Register Organization
• View and Edit Organization
• Drill Down by Location
• Organizations by Sector

Volunteers, that has two sub menu :

• Add Volunteers
• View and Edit Volunteers

Organization
This menu is related with organization database file. In this menu user can find five sub menu to manipulate the organization database file including searching, adding, and also editing process.
The five sub menu are:

Search Organization
In this menu, user can search an organization in the database based on three categories
That are:

• By organization type
  • In this category, user can search an organization based on their type, whether they are private organization, multinational organization, or bilateral organization.
• By organization sector
  • In this category, user can search an organization based on their sector, whether they work on agriculture sector, area development sector, communications sector, disaster preparation sector, energy sector, or heatlth sector.
• By organization location
  • In this category, user can search an organization based on their location. There are three options for location, that are search for all location, search for specified location (that are country, province, district, and village), search for location level (that are province level, district level, and village level)

All of those fields are required for better and specific searching process.

Register Organization
In this menu, user can registering a new organization with their complete information into the database.
The data item consist of seven item bar. That are:

• Primary Detail bar with data fields like "Organization Name" and "Registration Number". All of those fields are required for the identification process of the organization espcesially the "Organization Name" field.
• Organization Type bar with data field like "Organization Type". This field is required for the searching process in type category.
• Organization Sector bar with data field like "Organization sector". This field is also required for the searching process in sector category.
• Base Location bar with data field like "Country", "Province", "District", and "Village". All of those field are required for the searching process in location category.
• Contact Information bar with data fields like "Name", "Address", "Phone", "Fax", and "Email". Those fields are required for complete information about the contact information of the current organization.
• Facilities Available bar with data fields like "Man Power" and "Other relevant resources". Those fields are required to know about the facilities that available on that organization.
• Extra Information bar with data field like "Add Operation". This field are also required if the current organization have another branches that have another operation to offered for the disaster management.

View and Edit Organization
In this menu, user can edit the data of the current organization in the database. Just click the link in the table to edit the data.

Drill Down by Location
In this menu, user can find some report about the organization based on their country.

Organizations by Sector
In this menu, user can find some report about the organization based on their sector. This system organize the organization from their sector.

Volunteers
This menu is related with volunteer database file. In this menu user can find two sub menu to manipulate the volunteers database file including searching, adding, and also editing process.
The two sub menu are:

Add Volunteers
In this menu, user can registering a new volunteers with their complete information into the database.
The data item consist of five item bar. That are:

• Primary Details bar with data fields like "Name in Full", "Date of Birth", "Occupation", and "Gender". All of those fields are required for the identification process of the volunteers espcesially the "Name in Full" field.
• Identity Information bar with data fields like "National ID No", "Pasport ID No", and "Drive License No". All of those fields are required for the identification process of the volunteers.
• Base Location Information bar with data field like "Country", "Province", "District", and "Village". All of those field are required for the identification process in location.
• Services Offered bar with data field like "service offered". This field is very important to know what service that they offered for disaster management. This field is required.
• Contact Information bar with data fields like "Name", "Address", "Phone", "Fax", and "Email". Those fields are required for complete information about the contact information of the current volunteer. Those fields are also required for organize the volunteers.

View and Edit Volunteers
In this menu, user can edit the data of the current volunteer in the database. Just click the link in the table to edit the data.

GIS MAPPING Function

The GIS (Geographic Information System) Mapping Module provides Spatial and Mapping Functionality to Sahana. It is used by various modules to display maps, specify locations and coordinates of camps, victims and relief efforts. Currently it supports Google Maps. In this case, the GIS mapping will map the Indonesia region especially on Yogyakarta and Merapi area. This is required for pinpoint any camp spreading around Yogyakarta.

MISSING PERSON REGISTRY Function

The Missing person registry is an online bulletin board of missing and found people. It not only captures information about the people missing and found, but the information of the person seeking them is also captured, which adds to the chances of people finding each other. For example if two members of the family unit is looking for the head of the family, we can use this data at least to connect those two family members. Features include:

• Meta data around the individual such identity numbers, visual appearance, last seen location, status, etc
• Sounds-like name search (using metafore and soundex algorithms)
• Uploading of a persons picture
• Grouping by family unit or other groups types

Data Items in Detail

There are four main link.

1. Search for a Person
2. Report a Missing Person
3. Edit a Missing Person
4. Report a Found Person

• First link is Search for a Person
  
  • By click at this link we find that all the field is adequate, by entering info at "Any Card Number" field or "Any Name" field we can find all the info about the missing person. This link is required.
• Second Link is Report a Missing Person which consist of four pages
  
  • This link is used for registering missing person into the database, this link is very important.
  • First Page
    • This data item consist of Identity bar with data fields "Identity Card Number" , "Passport Number" and "Driving License" all this field is required for Identification and to search for missing person. At the first page we find:
      • Basic Details bar which consist of data field : "Full Name" , "Family Name" , "Local Name" , "Date of Birth (YYYY-MM-DD)" , "Age Group" , "Gender" , "Marital Status" , "Religion" and "Race". All the data is required but the most important field is "Full Name" and "Age Group" , "Gender" for physical appearance.
      • Contact Details bar which consist of : "Address" , "Postal Code" , "Home Phone" and "Mobile". This field is also required for contacting the person. The next line is consist of data field : "Country" , "Province" , "District" and "Village". Because Sahana is implemented at mount merapi, field "District" , "Village" is the most important field.
      • Physical Details bar which consis of : "Eye Colour" , "Skin Colour" , "Hair" , "Colour" , "Height" , "Weight" and "Localized Comments". All this data is required for matching the physical appearance for identification.
      • Other Details bar which consist of data field "Blood Type" , "Last Seen" , "Last Clothing" and "Localized Comments". This data is also required, for additional information.
  • Second Page
    • Upload Picture bar which is very good for identifing person. This field is also required.
  • Third Page
    • Reporter Details which consist of Background Information bar and Personal Details bar whith data field of "Have you reported anyone before?" , "Are you a disaster victim too?" , "If you are a victim, Please specify the status" , "Name" , "Relation" "Address" , "Phone" , "Email" All the data item and data field is also required.
  • Fourth Page
    • Fourth page is a Final Confirmation, for recheck all the information we enter. This is also required
• Third Link is Edit a Missing Person
  
  • This link is used for edit a missing person regisrty, so this link is also required.
• Fourth Link is Report a Found Person
  
  • This link is very useful and using the same data item and data field like Search for a Person link. This link is also required.

REQUEST MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Function

The Sahana request management system is a central online repository where all relief organizations, relief works, government agents and camps can effectively match requests of aid and supplies to pledges of support. It effectively looks like an online aid trading system tracking request to fulfillment. Features include:

• Basic meta data on the request and pledges such as the category, the units, contact details and the status
• Customizable category of aid
• Filtered search of aid pledges and requests
• Ability to track partial fulfillment of the request

Data Items in Detail

They are two navigation bar, they are : Requests, with sub menu :

• New Request
  • This link is for requesting aid and donation from any camp that need more food or medical supply. Inside this link we find two data item :
    • New Request with data field : "Request Date", "Requester Name" , "Requester Contact" , "Requester Address" , "Site Name" , "Site District" , "Site Address" , "Localized Comments". All the data field is required for pinpoint any camp that need more supply.
    • Add Items with data field : "Category" , "Item" , "Units" , "Quantity" , "Priority". This data field is also required to specify the supply that any camp is needed most.
• List All Request
  • From this link we can see all the help that each camp need along with the detail, this link is required and usefull.
• Search Requests
  • By clicking this link we can find any camp that need supply based on our search, there are two type or search that we can do by :
    • Search For Requests
      • By entering data into "Enter Search Keyword" field
    • View Request by ID
      • By entering data into "Enter Request ID" field
  • This link is required by supplying any camp with food or medicine that still available in stock.

Pledges, with sub menu :

• Add Pledges
  • This link is for registering food and medicine supply to the database. Inside this link we find two data item :
    • Donor Contact Information with data field : "Date" , "Name" , "Contact" , "Address" , "Localized Comments". All the data field is required for registering information of the Donor.
    • Pledge Details with data field : "Category" for categorizing supply like Blankets Shelter ,Medical Drugs ,Food and Nutrition, Other. "Item" for detail , "Units" for measuring and "Quantity". All the data field is required.
  • View Pledge
    • This link is required for finding plege by entering Plegde ID into data field "Pledge ID"
  • List Pledges
    • From this link we can find all the list of the Pledge. This link is required.

SAHANA SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION Function

The System Administration section allows you to configure and customize Sahana based on your requirements

• System Config
  • Contains all the configuration sections that apply across the Sahana application such as localization to location
• Module Config
  • Contains specific configuration pages for each module that has been installed in the system allowing them to be customized individually and separately.
• Security Config
  • Allows the system administrator to configure who gets access to what modules and to what degree to high degree of granularity if required.

Data Items in Detail

They are four navigation bar, they are :

System Config, with sub menu :

• Add Location
  • This link is for Add new camp location and the detail. Inside this menu we find three data item:
    • New Location Information
      • Location Name with data field "Location Name" , "Description" and "ISO code". Data field "Location Name" is required field, other field can be added for additional information
      • Select Location with data field "Location Type(level)", from this drop menu we can see four option. For Mount Merapi, District and Village is the required field.
      • Parent Location with data field "Country" ,"Province" ,"District" ,"Village". All the data is useful for parent information where the camp is located. This information is optional.
• Localization
  • This link is for Language Translation. Languange is no longer a barrier because we can easily translate Sahana to Indonesian version. Inside this link we can download Sahana.po file to do the translation offline. This link is required and very important.
• Module Config
  • This menu is to customized module that has been installed in the system individually and separately. Inside this menu we find four data item :
    • Camps Registry with data item :
      • Select Division with field "Select Type to be displayed as Division for camps" from the drop menu the required option is "District" and "Village".
      • Add Service / Facility with field "Currently Available Services/Facilities" ,"Service Name", and "Service Abbrevation [3 letter unique abbr. to store in the database]". All the field is required to add service to the database.
    • GIS Mapping to view location using google map by entering two information "Center Northing Value" and "Center Easting Value". This menu is also required
    • Organization Registry with three link :
      • Organization Types
        • This link is useful to add new type information. There are four type : "Government" ,"Private" ,"Multinatioanl" ,"Bilateral".
        • To add new type of organization, we can add to data item "Add New Type Information" by filling data field "Organization Type" and "Abbrevation". To remove organization type from the menu we simply choose at the option and click "remove" button. This is required.
      • Organization Sectors
        • This link is useful to add new sector information. There are six type : "Agriculture" ,"Area Development", "Communications" ,"Disaster Preparation" ,"Energy", "Health".
        • To add new type of sector, we can add to data item Add New Sector Information by filling data field "Organization Sector" and "Abbrevation". To remove sector type from the menu we simply choose at the option and click "remove" button. This is required.
      • Set starting Location
        • This link is to fix location, there are four option : country, province, district and village. This is also a required field
• Security Config
  • This menu is to allows system administrator to configure who gets access to what modules and to what degree to high degree of granularity if required. There is two sub menu :
    • System & User
      • By clicking this link we see four link :
      • Enable ACL
        • This link to Enable Access Control List
      • ACL Base Install
        • This link is to install Access Control List Base
      • Users
        • By clicking this link we can see 5 more link, there are :
          • Add User
            • This link is to add user by select data item Add a User for the Organization and fill "Organization" data field. For adding new user we fill info at Create an Account for Login and fill all the required data field like "Account Name" ,"User Name for Login" ,"Password for Login" and "Confirm Password" to create new user account. This field is required.
          • Remove User
            • For remove user from database we simply select the option and click remove. This is required.
          • Change Password
            • To change password after login, we enter old password and then new password twice. This is required field.
          • Edit Roles of an User
            • By clicking this link we can edit user who registered at database. There are three types of role: "Guest role" ,"Normal user role" and "Administrator role". This required field.
          • Add Users to Role
            • This link is to add or remove role from another user. This is required field.
      • Roles
        • This link is used to add or remove roles from database
    • Modules
      • By clicking this link, we can see four for each module, there are :
        • Camps Registry
        • GIS Mapping
        • Organization Registry
        • Request Management System

Local Language and Character Sets

The Sahana implementation will probably support the local language if the developers make some change in the language modules. Maybe it will take a lot of changes in the implementation of Sahana especially in the language of the web program. But it isn’t a big problem to use the default language, the English language, because the Indonesian people would be able to understand it with no difficulty at all. And about the character sets, Indonesia use the ASCII character sets so it will be work because the Sahana used the same character sets like the one that is used in Indonesia

According to the conditions required in the implementation of this software, the Sahana FOSS disaster management system can be deploy in Indonesia especially for the Merapi disaster at this moment.

Networking Condition

According to the characteristic of the Sahana systems, the implementation of this system requires a internet facility on that area. The deployment of this system in Indonesia especially in Merapi can be done because Indonesia itself has a good facility in internet connection. There are more than three companies that works on the internet service provided. They are: PT. TELKOM, the government company that works on the telecommunication process. This company also builds a mainframe that facilitates Indonesia with internet. CENTRIN, CBN, INDOSAT, those big company also work on the internet providing.

There are total of 25 ISP in Yogyakarta.

Here is the address of the following ISP in Yogyakarta:

ISP	Address
Indosat Net	Jl. Dr. Wahidin Sudirahusada No. 21 Yogyakarta 55224, Telp. +62 (0274) 519565, 546977, e-mail supportyk@indosat.net.id
indo.net	Jl. Tamansiswa no. 150 (d/a. : Graha SARA LEE kav. : A) YOGYAKARTA Telp: +62-274-384148 or 384149 (hunting); Fax: +62-274-384150 E-mail : sales@yogya.indo.net.id & support@yogya.indo.net.id
AngkasaWave	Jl babarsari no 35 yogyakarta +62-274-55281 support@angkasawave.net.id
Centrin Online	Jl. Gejayan Mrican No. 28A Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281 Phone:(62-274) 550.955 • fax. (62-274) 550.950 info@ygy.centrin.net.id
Jatara.Net	Jl. Selokan Mataram No.5C, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta +62-274-55281. Telp : 0274-7103417 / 7197916. Email : marketing@jatara.net.id
LC-Net	Jl. Nakula No. 46 - Wirobrajan - Yogyakarta 55252 +62-0274-748-5252
Wahana Lintas Nusa Persada	Jl. Sendok CT 8 no.135 Deresan - yogyakarta Telp.+62-274-7498841

Based from the information explained above, deployment of Sahana can be done for Merapi disaster.

Internet connection for Sahana in Indonesia (Mount Merapi) can achieved by the means of :

• Dial Up Connection
• Wireless Connection
• ADSL Connection

Dial Up Connection
This connection is using standard modem plus telephone cable for the deployment of Sahana. Telephone cable is installed in almost all region of Yogyakarta including in Kaliurang, near the Mount Merapi. With this telephone line infrastucture, Sahana deployment is easy to do. Slow data rate is the main disavantages of this connection, because the staff who administrating the Sahana need fast connection for fast response.

Price : (TELKOM) Dial-up connection is provided by PT Telkom. Using 56 Kbps using standard telephone modem, The price is Rp.9900 per hour ($1.138 Aus) for working day and for weekend is Rp.6000 per hour ($0.69 Aus).

(Globalextreme) Dial Up, Personal Account

	Entry	Classic	Executive	Platinum
Registration	Rp. 55.000, ($ 6.322 Aus)	Rp. 55.000, ($ 6.322 Aus)	Rp. 55.000, ($ 6.322 Aus)	Rp. 55.000, ($ 6.322 Aus)
Monthly Fee	Rp. 22.000, ($ 2.53 Aus)	Rp. 38.500, ($ 4.43 Aus)	Rp. 55.000, ($ 6.32 Aus)	Rp. 275.000, ($ 31.61 Aus)
6 Months Fee (Free 1 month)	Rp. 132.000, ($ 15.17 Aus)	Rp. 231.000, ($ 26.55 Aus)	Rp. 330.000, ($ 37.93 Aus)	Rp. 1.650.000, ($ 189.65 Aus)
Time/Month	0 hour	10 hour	20 hour	100 hour
Mailbox Space	2 MB	2 MB	4 MB	4 MB
Free Home Page Space	n/a	n/a	2 MB	2 MB
Overtime/minute	Rp. 60, ($ 0.006896 Aus)	Rp. 60, ($ 0.006896 Aus)	Rp. 60, ($ 0.006896 Aus)	Rp. 60, ($ 0.006896 Aus)

Wireless Connection
This technology using radio frequency to connect to the internet provider. This kind of technology use a lot of tower to support this implementation. There are many internet provider that support this technology. According to the actual condition in Yogyakarta, a town near the location of Merapi, the Sahana implementation using this technology can be done in some following conditions. The following conditions are:

The Sahana implementation has to be done in city area, because the facilities that needs to support the wireless technology is already existed. The internet service provider has already built many towers to support this technology.

But when the Sahana implementation is outside the city area, there are some problems that need to be solving to implement this system. We have to build another tower to support this technology and that problem will cost a lot of money.

The advantages:

• The connection is good enough

The weakness:

• Depends on the weather
• Expensive

Price:
Dial On Demand Internet Connection
WIRELESS LAN DOD 32 Kbps

Service	Price
Basic 50 hrs	Rp. 280,000, ($32.18 Aus)
Basic 100 hrs	Rp. 480,000, ($55.17 Aus)
Overtime/hour	Rp. 6,400, ($0.74 Aus)
Max 2.5 GB/month, additional	Rp. 250,/MB ($0.028 Aus /MB)

WIRELESS LAN DOD 64 Kbps

Service	Price
Basic 50 hrs	Rp. 480,000, ($55.17 Aus)
Basic 100 hrs	Rp. 800,000, ($91.95 Aus)
Overtime/hour	Rp. 11,200, ($1.28 Aus)
Max 2.5 GB/month, additional	Rp. 500, /MB ($0.057 Aus)

WIRELESS LAN DOD 128 Kbps

Service	Price
Basic 50 hrs	Rp. 800,000, ($91.95 Aus)
Basic 100 hrs	Rp. 1,280,000, ($147.13 Aus)
Overtime/hour	Rp. 19,200, ($2.2 Aus)
Max 2.5 GB/month, additional	Rp. 1,000, /MB ($0.11 Aus)

DEDICATED LINK INTERNET CONNECTION

Service	Price
32 Kbps	Rp. 2.800.000, ($321.84 Aus)
64 Kbps	Rp. 5.000.000, ($574.71 Aus)
128 Kbps	Rp. 9.000.000, ($1034.48 Aus)
W-LAN Hardware (not including Booster)	Rp. 4.500.000, ($517.24 Aus)
Installation Fee	Rp. 1.000.000, ($114.94 Aus)

ADSL Connection
The ADSL Connection is a technology that uses ADSL modem that connects to the network using the telephone line. This technology is also support by the telephone line mainframe that has been built by PT. Telkom, a government company that work on telecommunication process. This technology is very easy to use. PT. Telkom has provided this technology in their product that called SPEEDY.

The advantages:

• The connection is very good
• Easy to implement

The weakness:

• Quite Expensive.

Price:

Service Type	Max Speed Download	Max Speed Upload	Registration Fee	Montly Fee	Quota per Month	Excess Usage (MByte)
LIMITED HOME	Up to 384 kbps	Up to 64 kbps	Rp. 150.000, ($ 17.24 Aus)	Rp.300.000, ($ 34.48 Aus)	750 MB	Rp. 700, per MB ($ 0.08046 Aus)
LIMITED PROFESIONAL	Up to 384 kbps	Up to 64 kbps	Rp. 150.000, ($ 17.24 Aus)	Rp. 700.000, ($ 80.46 Aus)	2000 MB	Rp. 700, per MB ($ 0.08046 Aus)

According to that reference, the ADSL is most reliable technology that could be use to implement the Sahana FOSS Disaster Management System.

Possibilities Sahana as Stand Alone System

The implementation of Sahana might be useful if the system is connected to the network and use a single database for the stored data. Using a single laptop without a network connection in the implementation of Sahana will probably decrease the functionality and the efficiency of Sahana when managing the activities of disaster management. The camp is located in many locations, spreading around Yogyakarta region, without any network connection between them, because the camp is located at quite remote locations. Internet will be the best solution in connecting all the camps to the Sahana database server. One of the CDMA providers (INDOSAT) offer unlimited internet access just for the price of Rp.200,000 per month ($23 Aus) until 1 Gbyte. But in order to get this offer we have to register to the provider because this offer is post paid payment. This service is called Starone and using CDMA technology.

By using Internet, the webserver can be hosted anywhere.

Security of Information

Mount Merapi refugees did not mind if their name recorded in Sahana, because Yogyakarta is not area of conflict. By working together with the government in registering all the refugee into the databases, the data will be much more valuable and worthy as a reference for calculating the number of person who are effected by this disaster. This data would be useful for future aid and donation. The refugees would be much happier if they can find someone who they know who is registered at the database and along with their location.

Slide Show

• Power Point File
• Power Point Slide Show - This presentation was optimized for Microsoft Internet Explorer.

System Follow Up

As a follow up of the deployment of Sahana for Merapi, we also deploy Sahana for Jogjakarta (and surroundings) earthquake. More about the deployment of Sahana for Jogjakarta earthquake can be viewed here.